Search Engine Project In Php

Creating a Search Engine project involves several components, including a MySQL database schema, file structure, layout design using Bootstrap 5, and complete PHP scripts for user authentication and management. Below is a comprehensive guide to help you set up your system.

Project Introduction

The Search Engine project is designed to provide a platform for users to search and retrieve information from a vast collection of crawled web pages. This system allows users to input queries, which are processed to return relevant results based on an inverted index. The project includes features for user registration, feedback submission, and analytics tracking to improve search results. With a robust MySQL database backend, the platform ensures efficient data management and a user-friendly experience for all users.

Project Objectives

To create a secure user registration and login system for accessing the search engine.
To implement a web crawler that collects and stores web pages for indexing.
To develop an inverted index for efficient keyword-based searching of crawled pages.
To log user queries and provide analytics on search behavior and page performance.
To allow users to provide feedback on search results, including ratings and comments.
To create an administrative dashboard for managing users, crawled pages, and analytics data.

Project Modules

User Management: Handles user registration, login, and profile management.
Crawled Pages Management: Manages the storage and retrieval of crawled web pages, including their content and metadata.
Inverted Index Management: Implements the inverted index for efficient keyword searching across crawled pages.
Query Logging: Records user queries for analysis and improvement of search results.
Feedback System: Collects user feedback on search results, including ratings and comments.
Analytics Module: Tracks search queries, clicks, and impressions to provide insights into user behavior.
Admin Dashboard: Provides administrative tools for managing users, crawled pages, and analytics data.

1. MySQL Database Schema


CREATE DATABASE search_engine;
USE search_engine;
-- Table for users
CREATE TABLE users (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    email VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);
-- Table for crawled pages
CREATE TABLE crawled_pages (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    url VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    title VARCHAR(255),
    content TEXT,
    created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    last_crawled TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);
-- Table for the inverted index
CREATE TABLE inverted_index (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    keyword VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    page_id INT NOT NULL,
    position INT NOT NULL,
    FOREIGN KEY (page_id) REFERENCES crawled_pages(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
-- Table for query logs
CREATE TABLE query_logs (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    user_id INT,
    query TEXT NOT NULL,
    timestamp TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE SET NULL
);
-- Table for feedback
CREATE TABLE feedback (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    user_id INT,
    page_id INT,
    rating INT CHECK (rating >= 1 AND rating <= 5),
    comment TEXT,
    created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE SET NULL,
    FOREIGN KEY (page_id) REFERENCES crawled_pages(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
-- Table for analytics
CREATE TABLE analytics (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    query TEXT NOT NULL,
    clicks INT DEFAULT 0,
    impressions INT DEFAULT 0,
    created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);

2. File and Folder Structure


search_engine/
│
├── config/
│   └── db.php
│
├── public/
│   ├── index.php
│   ├── login.php
│   ├── register.php
│   ├── search.php
│   ├── results.php
│   ├── feedback.php
│   ├── analytics.php
│   └── admin_dashboard.php
│
├── includes/
│   ├── header.php
│   ├── footer.php
│   └── functions.php
│
├── assets/
│   ├── css/
│   │   └── styles.css
│   ├── js/
│   │   └── scripts.js
│   └── images/
│
└── vendor/
    └── (Bootstrap and other libraries)

3. Layout Based Design with Bootstrap 5

Header (includes/header.php)


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/styles.css">
    <title>Search Engine</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="container">
        <header class="my-4">
            <h1>Search Engine</h1>
        </header>
        <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
            <div class="container-fluid">
                <a class="navbar-brand" href="index.php">Home</a>
                <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbarNav" aria-controls="navbarNav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
                    <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
                </button>
                <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav">
                    <ul class="navbar-nav">
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="search.php">Search</a>
                        </li>
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="feedback.php">Feedback</a>
                        </li>
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="analytics.php">Analytics</a>
                        </li>
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="login.php">Login</a>
                        </li>
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="register.php">Register</a>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
        </nav>
        <main class="my-4">

Footer (includes/footer.php)


        </main>
        <footer class="text-center my-4">
            <p>© 2023 Search Engine. All rights reserved.</p>
        </footer>
    </div>
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

4. PHP Code for User Authentication

Registration (public/register.php)


<?php
require '../config/db.php';
require '../includes/header.php';
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
    $username = $_POST['username'];
    $email = $_POST['email'];
    $password = password_hash($_POST['password'], PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
    $stmt = $conn->prepare("INSERT INTO users (username, email, password) VALUES (?, ?, ?)");
    $stmt->bind_param("sss", $username, $email, $password);
    $stmt->execute();
    $stmt->close();
    header("Location: login.php");
}
?>
<form method="POST" action="">
    <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="username" class="form-label">Username</label>
        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" name="username" required>
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="email" class="form-label">Email</label>
        <input type="email" class="form-control" id="email" name="email" required>
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="password" class="form-label">Password</label>
        <input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" name="password" required>
    </div>
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Register</button>
</form>
<?php require '../includes/footer.php'; ?>


<?php
session_start();
require '../config/db.php';
require '../includes/header.php';
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
    $username = $_POST['username'];
    $password = $_POST['password'];
    $stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ?");
    $stmt->bind_param("s", $username);
    $stmt->execute();
    $result = $stmt->get_result();
    $user = $result->fetch_assoc();
    if ($user && password_verify($password, $user['password'])) {
        $_SESSION['user_id'] = $user['id'];
        header("Location: dashboard.php");
    } else {
        echo "Invalid credentials.";
    }
}
?>
<form method="POST" action="">
    <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="username" class="form-label">Username</label>
        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" name="username" required>
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="password" class="form-label">Password</label>
        <input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" name="password" required>
    </div>
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Login</button>
</form>
<?php require '../includes/footer.php'; ?>

5. Additional PHP Scripts

Dashboard (public/dashboard.php)


<?php
session_start();
require '../config/db.php';
require '../includes/header.php';
if (!isset($_SESSION['user_id'])) {
    header("Location: login.php");
    exit();
}
$user_id = $_SESSION['user_id'];
$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?");
$stmt->bind_param("i", $user_id);
$stmt->execute();
$result = $stmt->get_result();
$user = $result->fetch_assoc();
?>
<h2>Welcome, <?php echo $user['username']; ?></h2>
<p>Your role: <?php echo ucfirst($user['role']); ?></p>
<?php require '../includes/footer.php'; ?>

Property Management (public/property_management.php)


<?php
session_start();
require '../config/db.php';
require '../includes/header.php';
if (!isset($_SESSION['user_id']) || $_SESSION['role'] !== 'admin') {
    header("Location: login.php");
    exit();
}
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
    $title = $_POST['title'];
    $description = $_POST['description'];
    $price = $_POST['price'];
    $location = $_POST['location'];
    $property_type = $_POST['property_type'];
    $stmt = $conn->prepare("INSERT INTO properties (title, description, price, location, property_type) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)");
    $stmt->bind_param("ssiss", $title, $description, $price, $location, $property_type);
    $stmt->execute();
    $stmt->close();
    header("Location: property_management.php");
}
?>
<h2>Manage Properties</h2>
<form method="POST" action="">
    <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="title" class="form-label">Property Title</label>
        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="title" name="title" required>
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="description" class="form-label">Description</label>
        <textarea class="form-control" id="description" name="description" required></textarea>
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="price" class="form-label">Price</label>
        <input type="number" class="form-control" id="price" name="price" required>
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="location" class="form-label">Location</label>
        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="location" name="location" required>
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="property_type" class="form-label">Property Type</label>
        <select class="form-select" id="property_type" name="property_type" required>
            <option value="residential">Residential</option>
            <option value="commercial">Commercial</option>
            <option value="land">Land</option>
        </select>
    </div>
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Add Property</button>
</form>
<?php require '../includes/footer.php'; ?>

Booking Management (public/bookings.php)


<?php
session_start();
require '../config/db.php';
require '../includes/header.php';
if (!isset($_SESSION['user_id'])) {
    header("Location: login.php");
    exit();
}
$user_id = $_SESSION['user_id'];
$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT bookings.*, properties.title AS property_title FROM bookings JOIN properties ON bookings.property_id = properties.id WHERE bookings.buyer_id = ?");
$stmt->bind_param("i", $user_id);
$stmt->execute();
$result = $stmt->get_result();
$bookings = $result->fetch_all(MYSQLI_ASSOC);
?>
<h2>My Bookings</h2>
<table class="table">
    <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>ID</th>
            <th>Property</th>
            <th>Booking Date</th>
            <th>Status</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        <?php foreach ($bookings as $booking): ?>
        <tr>
            <td><?php echo $booking['id']; ?></td>
            <td><?php echo $booking['property_title']; ?></td>
            <td><?php echo $booking['booking_date']; ?></td>
            <td><?php echo ucfirst($booking['status']); ?></td>
        </tr>
        <?php endforeach; ?>
    </tbody>
</table>
<?php require '../includes/footer.php'; ?>

Payment Management (public/payments.php)


<?php
session_start();
require '../config/db.php';
require '../includes/header.php';
if (!isset($_SESSION['user_id'])) {
    header("Location: login.php");
    exit();
}
$user_id = $_SESSION['user_id'];
$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT payments.*, bookings.id AS booking_id, properties.title AS property_title FROM payments JOIN bookings ON payments.booking_id = bookings.id JOIN properties ON bookings.property_id = properties.id WHERE bookings.buyer_id = ?");
$stmt->bind_param("i", $user_id);
$stmt->execute();
$result = $stmt->get_result();
$payments = $result->fetch_all(MYSQLI_ASSOC);
?>
<h2>My Payments</h2>
<table class="table">
    <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>ID</th>
            <th>Booking ID</th>
            <th>Property</th>
            <th>Amount</th>
            <th>Status</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        <?php foreach ($payments as $payment): ?>
        <tr>
            <td><?php echo $payment['id']; ?></td>
            <td><?php echo $payment['booking_id']; ?></td>
            <td><?php echo $payment['property_title']; ?></td>
            <td><?php echo $payment['amount']; ?></td>
            <td><?php echo ucfirst($payment['status']); ?></td>
        </tr>
        <?php endforeach; ?>
    </tbody>
</table>
<?php require '../includes/footer.php'; ?>

Feedback Management (public/feedback.php)


<?php
session_start();
require '../config/db.php';
require '../includes/header.php';
if (!isset($_SESSION['user_id'])) {
    header("Location: login.php");
    exit();
}
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
    $property_id = $_POST['property_id'];
    $user_id = $_SESSION['user_id'];
    $rating = $_POST['rating'];
    $comment = $_POST['comment'];
    $stmt = $conn->prepare("INSERT INTO feedback (property_id, user_id, rating, comment) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)");
    $stmt->bind_param("iiis", $property_id, $user_id, $rating, $comment);
    $stmt->execute();
    $stmt->close();
    header("Location: feedback.php");
}
$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT * FROM properties");
$stmt->execute();
$result = $stmt->get_result();
$properties = $result->fetch_all(MYSQLI_ASSOC);
?>
<h2>Leave a Feedback</h2>
<form method="POST" action="">
    <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="property_id" class="form-label">Property</label>
        <select class="form-select" id="property_id" name="property_id" required>
            <?php foreach ($properties as $property): ?>
            <option value="<?php echo $property['id']; ?>"><?php echo $property['title']; ?></option>
            <?php endforeach; ?>
        </select>
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="rating" class="form-label">Rating</label>
        <select class="form-select" id="rating" name="rating" required>
            <option value="1">1</option>
            <option value="2">2</option>
            <option value="3">3</option>
            <option value="4">4</option>
            <option value="5">5</option>
        </select>
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="comment" class="form-label">Comment</label>
        <textarea class="form-control" id="comment" name="comment" required></textarea>
    </div>
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit Feedback</button>
</form>
<h3>Existing Feedback</h3>
<table class="table">
    <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>Property</th>
            <th>User</th>
            <th>Rating</th>
            <th>Comment</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        <?php
        $stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT feedback.*, properties.title AS property_title, users.username AS user_name FROM feedback JOIN properties ON feedback.property_id = properties.id JOIN users ON feedback.user_id = users.id");
        $stmt->execute();
        $result = $stmt->get_result();
        $feedbacks = $result->fetch_all(MYSQLI_ASSOC);
        foreach ($feedbacks as $feedback): ?>
        <tr>
            <td><?php echo $feedback['property_title']; ?></td>
            <td><?php echo $feedback['user_name']; ?></td>
            <td><?php echo $feedback['rating']; ?></td>
            <td><?php echo $feedback['comment']; ?></td>
        </tr>
        <?php endforeach; ?>
    </tbody>
</table>
<?php require '../includes/footer.php'; ?>