Creating a Virtual Classroom Platform involves several components, including a MySQL database schema, file structure, layout design using Bootstrap 5, and complete PHP scripts for user authentication and management. Below is a comprehensive guide to help you set up your system.
Project Introduction
The Virtual Classroom System is designed to facilitate online learning and enhance the educational experience for both teachers and students. This system allows teachers to create and manage courses, upload course materials, conduct live sessions, and assess student performance. Students can enroll in courses, participate in discussions, submit assignments, and provide feedback. With a robust MySQL database backend, the platform ensures secure data management and a user-friendly experience for all roles, including administrators, teachers, and students.
Project Objectives
- To create a secure user registration and login system for administrators, teachers, and students.
- To enable teachers to create and manage courses, including course details and objectives.
- To upload and manage course materials, such as videos, documents, and quizzes.
- To schedule and manage live classroom sessions for interactive learning.
- To track student attendance during live sessions.
- To facilitate assessments and track student submissions and grades.
- To collect feedback from students regarding courses and teaching effectiveness.
- To send notifications to users regarding important updates and announcements.
- To manage payments for courses, if applicable.
Project Modules
- User Management: Handles user registration, login, and role-based access for admins, teachers, and students.
- Course Management: Allows teachers to create, edit, and manage courses, including descriptions and objectives.
- Course Materials Management: Facilitates the upload and management of course materials, including videos and documents.
- Classroom Management: Manages live classroom sessions, including scheduling and attendance tracking.
- Assessment Management: Enables the creation and management of assessments, including tracking submissions and grades.
- Feedback System: Collects and manages feedback from students regarding courses and instructors.
- Notification System: Sends notifications to users about important updates, assignments, and announcements.
- Payment Management: Manages payments for courses, including tracking payment statuses and methods.
1. MySQL Database Schema
CREATE DATABASE virtual_classroom;
USE virtual_classroom;
-- Table for users
CREATE TABLE users (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
role ENUM('admin', 'teacher', 'student') DEFAULT 'student',
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);
-- Table for courses
CREATE TABLE courses (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
title VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
description TEXT NOT NULL,
objectives TEXT,
created_by INT NOT NULL,
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
FOREIGN KEY (created_by) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
-- Table for course materials
CREATE TABLE course_materials (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
course_id INT NOT NULL,
material_type ENUM('video', 'document', 'quiz') NOT NULL,
file_path VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
FOREIGN KEY (course_id) REFERENCES courses(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
-- Table for classrooms
CREATE TABLE classrooms (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
course_id INT NOT NULL,
session_date DATETIME NOT NULL,
duration INT NOT NULL, -- Duration in minutes
link VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
FOREIGN KEY (course_id) REFERENCES courses(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
-- Table for attendance
CREATE TABLE attendance (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
classroom_id INT NOT NULL,
student_id INT NOT NULL,
status ENUM('present', 'absent', 'late') DEFAULT 'present',
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
FOREIGN KEY (classroom_id) REFERENCES classrooms(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
FOREIGN KEY (student_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
-- Table for assessments
CREATE TABLE assessments (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
course_id INT NOT NULL,
title VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
description TEXT NOT NULL,
due_date DATETIME NOT NULL,
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
FOREIGN KEY (course_id) REFERENCES courses(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
-- Table for assessment submissions
CREATE TABLE assessment_submissions (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
assessment_id INT NOT NULL,
student_id INT NOT NULL,
submission_date DATETIME NOT NULL,
grade DECIMAL(5, 2),
feedback TEXT,
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
FOREIGN KEY (assessment_id) REFERENCES assessments(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
FOREIGN KEY (student_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
-- Table for feedback
CREATE TABLE feedback (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
course_id INT NOT NULL,
user_id INT NOT NULL,
rating INT CHECK (rating >= 1 AND rating <= 5),
comments TEXT,
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
FOREIGN KEY (course_id) REFERENCES courses(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
-- Table for notifications
CREATE TABLE notifications (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
user_id INT NOT NULL,
message TEXT NOT NULL,
is_read BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
-- Table for payments (if applicable)
CREATE TABLE payments (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
user_id INT NOT NULL,
amount DECIMAL(10, 2) NOT NULL,
payment_date DATETIME NOT NULL,
payment_method ENUM('credit_card', 'paypal', 'bank_transfer') NOT NULL,
status ENUM('completed', 'pending', 'failed') DEFAULT 'pending',
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
2. File and Folder Structure
virtual_classroom/
│
├── config/
│ └── db.php
│
├── public/
│ ├── index.php
│ ├── login.php
│ ├── register.php
│ ├── dashboard.php
│ ├── create_course.php
│ ├── edit_course.php
│ ├── view_course.php
│ ├── live_sessions.php
│ ├── discussion_forums.php
│ ├── assignments.php
│ ├── feedback.php
│ ├── resources.php
│ └── admin_dashboard.php
│
├── includes/
│ ├── header.php
│ ├── footer.php
│ └── functions.php
│
├── assets/
│ ├── css/
│ │ └── styles.css
│ ├── js/
│ │ └── scripts.js
│ └── images/
│
└── vendor/
└── (Bootstrap and other libraries)
3. Layout Based Design with Bootstrap 5
Header (includes/header.php)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/styles.css">
<title>Virtual Classroom Platform</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<header class="my-4">
<h1>Virtual Classroom Platform</h1>
</header>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="index.php">Home</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbarNav" aria-controls="navbarNav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="create_course.php">Create Course</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="live_sessions.php">Live Sessions</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="discussion_forums.php">Discussion Forums</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="assignments.php">Assignments</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="feedback.php">Feedback</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="resources.php">Resources</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="login.php">Login</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="register.php">Register</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<main class="my-4">
Footer (includes/footer.php)
</main>
<footer class="text-center my-4">
<p>© 2023 Virtual Classroom Platform. All rights reserved.</p>
</footer>
</div>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
4. PHP Code for User Authentication
Registration (public/register.php)
<?php
require '../config/db.php';
require '../includes/header.php';
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$username = $_POST['username'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$password = password_hash($_POST['password'], PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
$role = $_POST['role'];
$stmt = $conn->prepare("INSERT INTO users (username, email, password, role) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)");
$stmt->bind_param("ssss", $username, $email, $password, $role);
$stmt->execute();
$stmt->close();
header("Location: login.php");
}
?>
<form method="POST" action="">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="username" class="form-label">Username</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" name="username" required>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="email" class="form-label">Email</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="email" name="email" required>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="password" class="form-label">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" name="password" required>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="role" class="form-label">Role</label>
<select class="form-select" id="role" name="role">
<option value="student">Student</option>
<option value="teacher">Teacher</option>
<option value="admin">Admin</option>
</select>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Register</button>
</form>
<?php require '../includes/footer.php'; ?>
Login (public/login.php)
<?php
session_start();
require '../config/db.php';
require '../includes/header.php';
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$username = $_POST['username'];
$password = $_POST['password'];
$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ?");
$stmt->bind_param("s", $username);
$stmt->execute();
$result = $stmt->get_result();
$user = $result->fetch_assoc();
if ($user && password_verify($password, $user['password'])) {
$_SESSION['user_id'] = $user['id'];
$_SESSION['role'] = $user['role'];
header("Location: dashboard.php");
} else {
echo "Invalid credentials.";
}
}
?>
<form method="POST" action="">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="username" class="form-label">Username</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" name="username" required>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="password" class="form-label">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" name="password" required>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Login</button>
</form>
<?php require '../includes/footer.php'; ?>
5. Additional PHP Scripts
Dashboard (public/dashboard.php)
<?php
session_start();
require '../config/db.php';
require '../includes/header.php';
if (!isset($_SESSION['user_id'])) {
header("Location: login.php");
exit();
}
$user_id = $_SESSION['user_id'];
$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?");
$stmt->bind_param("i", $user_id);
$stmt->execute();
$result = $stmt->get_result();
$user = $result->fetch_assoc();
?>
<h2>Welcome, <?php echo $user['username']; ?></h2>
<p>Your role: <?php echo ucfirst($user['role']); ?></p>
<?php require '../includes/footer.php'; ?>
Course Management (public/course_management.php)
<?php
session_start();
require '../config/db.php';
require '../includes/header.php';
if (!isset($_SESSION['user_id']) || $_SESSION['role'] !== 'teacher') {
header("Location: login.php");
exit();
}
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$title = $_POST['title'];
$description = $_POST['description'];
$objectives = $_POST['objectives'];
$stmt = $conn->prepare("INSERT INTO courses (title, description, objectives, created_by) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)");
$stmt->bind_param("sssi", $title, $description, $objectives, $_SESSION['user_id']);
$stmt->execute();
$stmt->close();
header("Location: course_management.php");
}
?>
<h2>Manage Courses</h2>
<form method="POST" action="">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="title" class="form-label">Course Title</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="title" name="title" required>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="description" class="form-label">Description</label>
<textarea class="form-control" id="description" name="description" required></textarea>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="objectives" class="form-label">Objectives</label>
<textarea class="form-control" id="objectives" name="objectives" required></textarea>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Add Course</button>
</form>
<?php require '../includes/footer.php'; ?>
Live Sessions Management (public/live_sessions.php)
<?php
session_start();
require '../config/db.php';
require '../includes/header.php';
if (!isset($_SESSION['user_id']) || $_SESSION['role'] !== 'teacher') {
header("Location: login.php");
exit();
}
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$course_id = $_POST['course_id'];
$session_date = $_POST['session_date'];
$duration = $_POST['duration'];
$link = $_POST['link'];
$stmt = $conn->prepare("INSERT INTO live_sessions (course_id, session_date, duration, link) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)");
$stmt->bind_param("isis", $course_id, $session_date, $duration, $link);
$stmt->execute();
$stmt->close();
header("Location: live_sessions.php");
}
$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT * FROM courses WHERE created_by = ?");
$stmt->bind_param("i", $_SESSION['user_id']);
$stmt->execute();
$result = $stmt->get_result();
$courses = $result->fetch_all(MYSQLI_ASSOC);
?>
<h2>Manage Live Sessions</h2>
<form method="POST" action="">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="course_id" class="form-label">Select Course</label>
<select class="form-select" id="course_id" name="course_id" required>
<?php foreach ($courses as $course): ?>
<option value="<?php echo $course['id']; ?>"><?php echo $course['title']; ?></option>
<?php endforeach; ?>
</select>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="session_date" class="form-label">Session Date</label>
<input type="datetime-local" class="form-control" id="session_date" name="session_date" required>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="duration" class="form-label">Duration (in minutes)</label>
<input type="number" class="form-control" id="duration" name="duration" required>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="link" class="form-label">Streaming Link</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="link" name="link" required>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Add Live Session</button>
</form>
<?php require '../includes/footer.php'; ?>
Discussion Forum Management (public/discussion_forums.php)
<?php
session_start();
require '../config/db.php';
require '../includes/header.php';
if (!isset($_SESSION['user_id'])) {
header("Location: login.php");
exit();
}
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$course_id = $_POST['course_id'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
$stmt = $conn->prepare("INSERT INTO discussion_forums (course_id, user_id, message) VALUES (?, ?, ?)");
$stmt->bind_param("iis", $course_id, $_SESSION['user_id'], $message);
$stmt->execute();
$stmt->close();
header("Location: discussion_forums.php");
}
$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT * FROM courses");
$stmt->execute();
$result = $stmt->get_result();
$courses = $result->fetch_all(MYSQLI_ASSOC);
?>
<h2>Discussion Forums</h2>
<form method="POST" action="">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="course_id" class="form-label">Select Course</label>
<select class="form-select" id="course_id" name="course_id" required>
<?php foreach ($courses as $course): ?>
<option value="<?php echo $course['id']; ?>"><?php echo $course['title']; ?></option>
<?php endforeach; ?>
</select>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="message" class="form-label">Message</label>
<textarea class="form-control" id="message" name="message" required></textarea>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Post Message</button>
</form>
<h3>Existing Discussions</h3>
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Course</th>
<th>User</th>
<th>Message</th>
<th>Date</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<?php
$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT discussion_forums.*, courses.title AS course_title, users.username AS user_name FROM discussion_forums JOIN courses ON discussion_forums.course_id = courses.id JOIN users ON discussion_forums.user_id = users.id");
$stmt->execute();
$result = $stmt->get_result();
$discussions = $result->fetch_all(MYSQLI_ASSOC);
foreach ($discussions as $discussion): ?>
<tr>
<td><?php echo $discussion['course_title']; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $discussion['user_name']; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $discussion['message']; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $discussion['created_at']; ?></td>
</tr>
<?php endforeach; ?>
</tbody>
</table>
<?php require '../includes/footer.php'; ?>
6. Additional Features to Consider
User Profiles: Allow users to edit their profiles and manage their settings.
Integration with LMS: Integrate with existing Learning Management Systems for seamless course management.
Mobile App: Develop a mobile application for easier access to courses and discussions.
7. Security Measures
Data Validation: Ensure all user inputs are validated to prevent SQL injection and XSS attacks.
Password Security: Use strong hashing algorithms for storing passwords.
Session Security: Implement secure session management practices to protect user sessions.
8. Testing and Deployment
Unit Testing: Conduct unit tests for individual components to ensure they function correctly.
Integration Testing: Test the integration of different modules to ensure they work together seamlessly.
Deployment: Choose a reliable hosting provider and deploy the application, ensuring all configurations are optimized for performance.
9. Documentation
User Documentation: Create a user manual to guide users through the platform's features and functionalities.
Developer Documentation: Document the codebase and architecture for future reference and maintenance.
10. Future Enhancements
AI-Powered Insights: Implement machine learning algorithms to provide insights into student performance and engagement.
Mobile Notifications: Enhance the notification system to send mobile alerts for upcoming classes and assignments.
Custom Reports: Allow users to generate custom reports based on specific criteria.
This structured approach will help you build a comprehensive Virtual Classroom Platform that meets user needs and adapts to future requirements.
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