Project Introduction

The Smart Attendance System is an innovative solution designed to automate the process of tracking attendance in educational institutions and workplaces. This system aims to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of attendance management by utilizing advanced technologies such as biometric recognition, RFID, or facial recognition. With the growing need for reliable attendance tracking and reporting, the Smart Attendance System addresses these challenges by providing a user-friendly interface and robust functionalities for both administrators and users.

The platform features real-time attendance monitoring, automated reporting, and integration with existing management systems. Users can easily check in and out using their unique identifiers, while administrators can access detailed attendance records and analytics. Additionally, the system includes notifications for absences and reminders for users. By automating the attendance process, the Smart Attendance System aims to reduce administrative burdens, improve accuracy, and enhance overall productivity.

Project Objectives

• To develop an intuitive interface for users to mark their attendance easily.
• To implement biometric or RFID technology for secure and accurate attendance tracking.
• To provide real-time attendance monitoring and reporting for administrators.
• To enable integration with existing management systems for seamless data flow.
• To facilitate notifications and alerts for users regarding attendance status.
• To generate detailed reports on attendance patterns and trends for analysis.
• To ensure data security and privacy for all user information and attendance records.
• To enhance user engagement through features like attendance history and performance tracking.

Project Modules

User Management Module

• User Registration/Login: Allow users (students, employees, administrators) to create accounts and log in securely.
• Role Management: Differentiate between user roles (e.g., admin, teacher, student, employee) with varying permissions and access levels.
• Profile Management: Enable users to manage their profiles, including personal information, contact details, and attendance history.

Attendance Tracking Module

• Real-Time Attendance Marking: Allow users to mark attendance in real-time using various methods (e.g., RFID cards, QR codes, facial recognition).
• Manual Attendance Entry: Provide an option for teachers or administrators to manually enter attendance for those who may have missed the automated process.
• Attendance Status: Display attendance status (e.g., present, absent, late) for each user.

Class/Session Management Module

• Class Scheduling: Allow administrators to create and manage class schedules, including subjects, timings, and locations.
• Session Management: Enable teachers to manage individual sessions, including marking attendance for each class or session.

Reporting and Analytics Module

• Attendance Reports: Generate detailed reports on attendance patterns, including overall attendance rates, absences, and tardiness.
• User Attendance History: Provide access to individual attendance history for students or employees.
• Performance Analytics: Analyze attendance data to identify trends and areas for improvement.

Notifications and Alerts Module

• Attendance Alerts: Send notifications to students or employees regarding their attendance status (e.g., low attendance, missed classes).
• Reminders: Set reminders for upcoming classes or sessions.

Security and Privacy Module

• Data Security: Ensure that sensitive user data and attendance records are stored securely.
• Access Control: Manage access to different modules and features based on user roles.

Feedback and Support Module

• User Feedback Collection: Allow users to provide feedback on the system and suggest improvements.
• Help Center: Provide FAQs, tutorials, and support documentation to assist users with common issues.

Admin Dashboard Module

• Dashboard Overview: Provide administrators with an overview of attendance statistics, user activity, and system performance.
• Management Tools: Allow admins to manage users, classes, and attendance records from a centralized dashboard.

Data Backup and Sync Module

• Cloud Backup: Allow users to back up their data to the cloud for security and recovery.
• Multi-Device Sync: Enable users to access their attendance data across multiple devices (e.g., mobile, tablet, web).

Project Tables Queries

-- Create Users Table
CREATE TABLE Users (
    UserId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1),
    Username NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    PasswordHash NVARCHAR(256) NOT NULL,
    Email NVARCHAR(100) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    FirstName NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    LastName NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    RoleId INT NOT NULL,
    CreatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    UpdatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    FOREIGN KEY (RoleId) REFERENCES Roles(RoleId)
);
-- Create Roles Table
CREATE TABLE Roles (
    RoleId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1),
    RoleName NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    CreatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    UpdatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE()
);
-- Create Classes Table
CREATE TABLE Classes (
    ClassId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1),
    ClassName NVARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    CreatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    UpdatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE()
);
-- Create Sessions Table
CREATE TABLE Sessions (
    SessionId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1),
    ClassId INT NOT NULL,
    SessionDate DATETIME NOT NULL,
    CreatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    UpdatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    FOREIGN KEY (ClassId) REFERENCES Classes(ClassId)
);
-- Create Attendance Table
CREATE TABLE Attendance (
    AttendanceId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1),
    UserId INT NOT NULL,
    SessionId INT NOT NULL,
    Status NVARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, -- e.g., Present, Absent, Late
    CreatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    UpdatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    FOREIGN KEY (User Id) REFERENCES Users(UserId),
    FOREIGN KEY (SessionId) REFERENCES Sessions(SessionId)
);
-- Create Reports Table
CREATE TABLE Reports (
    ReportId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1),
    UserId INT NOT NULL,
    ReportDate DATETIME NOT NULL,
    ReportContent NVARCHAR(MAX),
    CreatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    FOREIGN KEY (User Id) REFERENCES Users(UserId)
);
-- Create Notifications Table
CREATE TABLE Notifications (
    NotificationId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1),
    UserId INT NOT NULL,
    Message NVARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    IsRead BIT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    CreatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    FOREIGN KEY (User Id) REFERENCES Users(UserId)
);
-- Create Feedback Table
CREATE TABLE Feedback (
    FeedbackId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1),
    UserId INT NOT NULL,
    FeedbackContent NVARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,
    CreatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    FOREIGN KEY (User Id) REFERENCES Users(UserId)
);
-- Create Backup Table
CREATE TABLE Backups (
    BackupId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1),
    UserId INT NOT NULL,
    BackupDate DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    BackupFile NVARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    CreatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    FOREIGN KEY (User Id) REFERENCES Users(UserId)
);

Explanation of Tables

Users: Stores user information, including their role (e.g., student, teacher, admin).

Roles: Defines different roles in the system (e.g., Admin, Teacher, Student).

Classes: Contains information about different classes or courses.

Sessions: Records attendance sessions for each class, including the date of the session.

Attendance: Tracks attendance records for users in each session, including their status (e.g., Present, Absent, Late).

Reports: Allows users to generate reports related to attendance and other metrics.

Notifications: Stores notifications for users regarding attendance updates and other relevant information.

Feedback: Collects user feedback on the Smart Attendance System.

Backups: Keeps records of user data backups for recovery purposes.

To create the models and migrations for the provided SQL schema in Laravel 11, you can follow these steps.

Below, I will provide the migration files and the corresponding Eloquent models for each table.

Step 1: Create Migrations

You can create migrations using the Artisan command line tool. For each table, you will create a migration file. Here are the migration files based on your SQL schema:

Create Users Table Migration

// database/migrations/2023_10_01_000001_create_users_table.php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
class CreateUsersTable extends Migration
{
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id('User Id');
            $table->string('Username', 50)->unique();
            $table->string('PasswordHash', 256);
            $table->string('Email', 100)->unique();
            $table->string('FirstName', 50);
            $table->string('LastName', 50);
            $table->foreignId('RoleId')->constrained('roles');
            $table->timestamps(0); // CreatedAt and UpdatedAt
        });
    }
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('users');
    }
}

Create Roles Table Migration

// database/migrations/2023_10_01_000002_create_roles_table.php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
class CreateRolesTable extends Migration
{
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('roles', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id('RoleId');
            $table->string('RoleName', 50)->unique();
            $table->timestamps(0); // CreatedAt and UpdatedAt
        });
    }
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('roles');
    }
}

Create Classes Table Migration

// database/migrations/2023_10_01_000003_create_classes_table.php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
class CreateClassesTable extends Migration
{
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('classes', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id('ClassId');
            $table->string('ClassName', 100);
            $table->timestamps(0); // CreatedAt and UpdatedAt
        });
    }
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('classes');
    }
}

Create Sessions Table Migration

// database/migrations/2023_10_01_000004_create_sessions_table.php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
class CreateSessionsTable extends Migration
{
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('sessions', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id('SessionId');
            $table->foreignId('ClassId')->constrained('classes');
            $table->dateTime('SessionDate');
            $table->timestamps(0); // CreatedAt and UpdatedAt
        });
    }
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('sessions');
    }
}

Create Attendance Table Migration

// database/migrations/2023_10_01_000005_create_attendance_table.php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
class CreateAttendanceTable extends Migration
{
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('attendance', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id('AttendanceId');
            $table->foreignId('User Id')->constrained('users');
            $table->foreignId('SessionId')->constrained('sessions');
            $table->string('Status', 20);
            $table->timestamps(0); // CreatedAt and UpdatedAt
        });
    }
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('attendance');
    }
}

Create Reports Table Migration

// database/migrations/2023_10_01_000006_create_reports_table.php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
class CreateReportsTable extends Migration
{
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('reports', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id('ReportId');
            $table->foreignId('User Id')->constrained('users');
            $table->dateTime('ReportDate');
            $table->longText('ReportContent')->nullable();
            $table->timestamps(0); // CreatedAt and UpdatedAt
        });
    }
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('reports');
    }
}

Create Notifications Table Migration

// database/migrations/2023_10_01_000007_create_notifications_table.php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
class CreateNotificationsTable extends Migration
{
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('notifications', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id('NotificationId');
            $table->foreignId('User  Id')->constrained('users');
            $table->string('Message', 255);
            $table->boolean('IsRead')->default(0);
            $table->timestamps(0); // CreatedAt and UpdatedAt
        });
    }
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('notifications');
    }
}

Create Feedback Table Migration

// database/migrations/2023_10_01_000008_create_feedback_table.php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
class CreateFeedbackTable extends Migration
{
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('feedback', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id('FeedbackId');
            $table->foreignId('User  Id')->constrained('users');
            $table->longText('FeedbackContent');
            $table->timestamps(0); // CreatedAt and UpdatedAt
        });
    }
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('feedback');
    }
}

Create Backup Table Migration

// database/migrations/2023_10_01_000009_create_backups_table.php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
class CreateBackupsTable extends Migration
{
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('backups', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id('BackupId');
            $table->foreignId('User  Id')->constrained('users');
            $table->dateTime('BackupDate')->default(now());
            $table->string('BackupFile', 255);
            $table->timestamps(0); // CreatedAt and UpdatedAt
        });
    }
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('backups');
    }
}

Step 2: Create Eloquent Models

Next, create the corresponding Eloquent models for each table. Here are the models:

User Model

// app/Models/User.php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class User extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
    protected $table = 'users';
    protected $fillable = [
        'Username',
        'PasswordHash',
        'Email',
        'FirstName',
        'LastName',
        'RoleId',
    ];
    public function role()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(Role::class, 'RoleId');
    }
    public function attendance()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Attendance::class, 'User  Id');
    }
    public function reports()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Report::class, 'User  Id');
    }
    public function notifications()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Notification::class, 'User  Id');
    }
    public function feedback()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Feedback::class, 'User  Id');
    }
    public function backups()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Backup::class, 'User  Id');
    }
}

Role Model

// app/Models/Role.php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Role extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
    protected $table = 'roles';
    protected $fillable = [
        'RoleName',
    ];
    public function users()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(User::class, 'RoleId');
    }
}

Class Model

// app/Models/Class.php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Class extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
    protected $table = 'classes';
    protected $fillable = [
        'ClassName',
    ];
    public function sessions()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Session::class, 'ClassId');
    }
}

Session Model

// app/Models/Session.php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Session extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
    protected $table = 'sessions';
    protected $fillable = [
 'ClassId',
        'SessionDate',
    ];
    public function class()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(Class::class, 'ClassId');
    }
    public function attendance()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Attendance::class, 'SessionId');
    }
}

Attendance Model

// app/Models/Attendance.php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Attendance extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
    protected $table = 'attendance';
    protected $fillable = [
        'User   Id',
        'SessionId',
        'Status',
    ];
    public function user()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'User   Id');
    }
    public function session()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(Session::class, 'SessionId');
    }
}

Report Model

// app/Models/Report.php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Report extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
    protected $table = 'reports';
    protected $fillable = [
        'User   Id',
        'ReportDate',
        'ReportContent',
    ];
    public function user()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'User   Id');
    }
}

Notification Model

// app/Models/Notification.php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Notification extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
    protected $table = 'notifications';
    protected $fillable = [
        'User   Id',
        'Message',
        'IsRead',
    ];
    public function user()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'User   Id');
    }
}

Feedback Model

// app/Models/Feedback.php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Feedback extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
    protected $table = 'feedback';
    protected $fillable = [
        'User   Id',
        'FeedbackContent',
    ];
    public function user()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'User   Id');
    }
}

Backup Model

// app/Models/Backup.php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Backup extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
    protected $table = 'backups';
    protected $fillable = [
        'User   Id',
        'BackupDate',
        'BackupFile',
    ];
    public function user()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'User   Id');
    }
}

Final Steps

After creating the migration files and models, run the migrations using the following command:

php artisan migrate

This will create the tables in your database according to the defined schema. You can now use the Eloquent models to interact with the database in your Laravel application.

To create controllers for each model with complete CRUD operations in Laravel

You can use the Artisan command line tool to generate the controllers. Below, I will provide the code for each controller, including methods for creating, reading, updating, and deleting records.

Step 1: Generate Controllers

You can generate controllers using the following Artisan command:

php artisan make:controller UserController --resource
php artisan make:controller RoleController --resource
php artisan make:controller ClassController --resource
php artisan make:controller SessionController --resource
php artisan make:controller AttendanceController --resource
php artisan make:controller ReportController --resource
php artisan make:controller NotificationController --resource
php artisan make:controller FeedbackController --resource
php artisan make:controller BackupController --resource

This will create resource controllers for each model in the app/Http/Controllers directory.

Step 2: Implement CRUD Operations

Below are the implementations for each controller with complete CRUD operations.

UserController

// app/Http/Controllers/UserController.php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class UserController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $users = User::all();
        return view('users.index', compact('users'));
    }
    public function create()
    {
        return view('users.create');
    }
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'Username' => 'required|unique:users|max:50',
            'PasswordHash' => 'required',
            'Email' => 'required|email|unique:users|max:100',
            'FirstName' => 'required|max:50',
            'LastName' => 'required|max:50',
            'RoleId' => 'required|exists:roles,RoleId',
        ]);
        User::create($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('users.index')->with('success', 'User  created successfully.');
    }
    public function show(User $user)
    {
        return view('users.show', compact('user'));
    }
    public function edit(User $user)
    {
        return view('users.edit', compact('user'));
    }
    public function update(Request $request, User $user)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'Username' => 'required|max:50|unique:users,Username,' . $user->id,
            'PasswordHash' => 'required',
            'Email' => 'required|email|max:100|unique:users,Email,' . $user->id,
            'FirstName' => 'required|max:50',
            'LastName' => 'required|max:50',
            'RoleId' => 'required|exists:roles,RoleId',
        ]);
        $user->update($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('users.index')->with('success', 'User  updated successfully.');
    }
    public function destroy(User $user)
    {
        $user->delete();
        return redirect()->route('users.index')->with('success', 'User  deleted successfully.');
    }
}

RoleController

// app/Http/Controllers/RoleController.php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use App\Models\Role;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class RoleController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $roles = Role::all();
        return view('roles.index', compact('roles'));
    }
    public function create()
    {
        return view('roles.create');
    }
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'RoleName' => 'required|unique:roles|max:50',
        ]);
        Role::create($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('roles.index')->with('success', 'Role created successfully.');
    }
    public function show(Role $role)
    {
        return view('roles.show', compact('role'));
    }
    public function edit(Role $role)
    {
        return view('roles.edit', compact('role'));
    }
    public function update(Request $request, Role $role)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'RoleName' => 'required|max:50|unique:roles,RoleName,' . $role->id,
        ]);
        $role->update($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('roles.index')->with('success', 'Role updated successfully.');
    }
    public function destroy(Role $role)
    {
        $role->delete();
        return redirect()->route('roles.index')->with('success', 'Role deleted successfully.');
    }
}

ClassController

// app/Http/Controllers/ClassController.php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use App\Models\Class;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class ClassController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $classes = Class::all();
        return view('classes.index', compact('classes'));
    }
    public function create()
    {
        return view('classes.create');
    }
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'ClassName' => 'required|max:100',
        ]);
        Class::create($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('classes.index')->with('success', 'Class created successfully.');
    }
    public function show(Class $class)
    {
        return view('classes.show', compact('class'));
    }
    public function edit(Class $class)
    {
        return view('classes.edit', compact('class'));
    }
    public function update(Request $request, Class $class)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'ClassName' => 'required|max:100|unique:classes,ClassName,' . $class->id,
        ]);
        $class->update($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('classes.index')->with('success', 'Class updated successfully.');
    }
    public function destroy(Class $class)
    {
        $class->delete();
        return redirect()->route('classes.index')->with('success', 'Class deleted successfully.');
    }
}

SessionController

// app/Http/Controllers/SessionController.php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use App\Models\Session;
use App\Models\Class;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class SessionController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $sessions = Session::all();
        return view('sessions.index', compact('sessions'));
    }
    public function create()
    {
        $classes = Class::all();
        return view('sessions.create', compact('classes'));
    }
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'ClassId' => 'required|exists:classes,ClassId',
            'SessionDate' => 'required|date',
        ]);
        Session::create($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('sessions.index')->with('success', 'Session created successfully.');
    }
    public function show(Session $session)
    {
        return view('sessions.show', compact('session'));
    }
    public function edit(Session $session)
    {
        $classes = Class::all();
        return view('sessions.edit', compact('session', 'classes'));
    }
    public function update(Request $request, Session $session)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'ClassId' => 'required|exists:classes,ClassId',
            'SessionDate' => 'required|date',
        ]);
        $session->update($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('sessions.index')->with('success', 'Session updated successfully.');
    }
    public function destroy(Session $session)
    {
        $session->delete();
        return redirect()->route('sessions.index')->with('success', 'Session deleted successfully.');
    }
}

AttendanceController

// app/Http/Controllers/AttendanceController.php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use App\Models\Attendance;
use App\Models\User;
use App\Models\Session;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class AttendanceController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $attendances = Attendance::all();
        return view('attendances.index', compact('attendances'));
    }
    public function create()
    {
        $users = User::all();
        $sessions = Session::all();
        return view('attendances.create', compact('users', 'sessions'));
    }
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'User   Id' => 'required|exists:users,User Id',
            'SessionId' => 'required|exists:sessions,SessionId',
            'Status' => 'required|string|max:20',
        ]);
        Attendance::create($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('attendances.index')->with('success', 'Attendance created successfully.');
    }
    public function show(Attendance $attendance)
    {
        return view('attendances.show', compact('attendance'));
    }
    public function edit(Attendance $attendance)
    {
        $users = User::all();
        $sessions = Session::all();
        return view('attendances.edit', compact('attendance', 'users', 'sessions'));
    }
    public function update(Request $request, Attendance $attendance)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'User   Id' => 'required|exists:users,User Id',
            'SessionId' => 'required|exists:sessions,SessionId',
            'Status' => 'required|string|max:20',
        ]);
        $attendance->update($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('attendances.index')->with('success', 'Attendance updated successfully.');
    }
    public function destroy(Attendance $attendance)
    {
        $attendance->delete();
        return redirect()->route('attendances .index')->with('success', 'Attendance deleted successfully.');
    }
}

ReportController

// app/Http/Controllers/ReportController.php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use App\Models\Report;
use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class ReportController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $reports = Report::all();
        return view('reports.index', compact('reports'));
    }
    public function create()
    {
        $users = User::all();
        return view('reports.create', compact('users'));
    }
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'User    Id' => 'required|exists:users,User  Id',
            'ReportDate' => 'required|date',
            'ReportContent' => 'nullable|string',
        ]);
        Report::create($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('reports.index')->with('success', 'Report created successfully.');
    }
    public function show(Report $report)
    {
        return view('reports.show', compact('report'));
    }
    public function edit(Report $report)
    {
        $users = User::all();
        return view('reports.edit', compact('report', 'users'));
    }
    public function update(Request $request, Report $report)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'User    Id' => 'required|exists:users,User  Id',
            'ReportDate' => 'required|date',
            'ReportContent' => 'nullable|string',
        ]);
        $report->update($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('reports.index')->with('success', 'Report updated successfully.');
    }
    public function destroy(Report $report)
    {
        $report->delete();
        return redirect()->route('reports.index')->with('success', 'Report deleted successfully.');
    }
}

NotificationController

// app/Http/Controllers/NotificationController.php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use App\Models\Notification;
use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class NotificationController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $notifications = Notification::all();
        return view('notifications.index', compact('notifications'));
    }
    public function create()
    {
        $users = User::all();
        return view('notifications.create', compact('users'));
    }
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'User    Id' => 'required|exists:users,User  Id',
            'Message' => 'required|string|max:255',
            'IsRead' => 'boolean',
        ]);
        Notification::create($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('notifications.index')->with('success', 'Notification created successfully.');
    }
    public function show(Notification $notification)
    {
        return view('notifications.show', compact('notification'));
    }
    public function edit(Notification $notification)
    {
        $users = User::all();
        return view('notifications.edit', compact('notification', 'users'));
    }
    public function update(Request $request, Notification $notification)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'User    Id' => 'required|exists:users,User  Id',
            'Message' => 'required|string|max:255',
            'IsRead' => 'boolean',
        ]);
        $notification->update($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('notifications.index')->with('success', 'Notification updated successfully.');
    }
    public function destroy(Notification $notification)
    {
        $notification->delete();
        return redirect()->route('notifications.index')->with('success', 'Notification deleted successfully.');
    }
}

FeedbackController

// app/Http/Controllers/FeedbackController.php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use App\Models\Feedback;
use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class FeedbackController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $feedbacks = Feedback::all();
        return view('feedbacks.index', compact('feedbacks'));
    }
    public function create()
    {
        $users = User::all();
        return view('feedbacks.create', compact('users'));
    }
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'User    Id' => 'required|exists:users,User  Id',
            'FeedbackContent' => 'required|string',
        ]);
        Feedback::create($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('feedbacks.index')->with('success', 'Feedback created successfully.');
    }
    public function show(Feedback $feedback)
    {
        return view('feedbacks.show', compact('feedback'));
    }
    public function edit(Feedback $feedback)
    {
        $users = User::all();
        return view('feedbacks.edit', compact('feedback', 'users'));
    }
    public function update(Request $request, Feedback $feedback)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'User     Id' => 'required|exists:users,User   Id',
            'FeedbackContent' => 'required|string',
        ]);
        $feedback->update($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('feedbacks.index')->with('success', 'Feedback updated successfully.');
    }
    public function destroy(Feedback $feedback)
    {
        $feedback->delete();
        return redirect()->route('feedbacks.index')->with('success', 'Feedback deleted successfully.');
    }
}

BackupController

// app/Http/Controllers/BackupController.php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use App\Models\Backup;
use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class BackupController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $backups = Backup::all();
        return view('backups.index', compact('backups'));
    }
    public function create()
    {
        $users = User::all();
        return view('backups.create', compact('users'));
    }
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'User     Id' => 'required|exists:users,User   Id',
            'BackupFile' => 'required|string|max:255',
        ]);
        Backup::create($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('backups.index')->with('success', 'Backup created successfully.');
    }
    public function show(Backup $backup)
    {
        return view('backups.show', compact('backup'));
    }
    public function edit(Backup $backup)
    {
        $users = User::all();
        return view('backups.edit', compact('backup', 'users'));
    }
    public function update(Request $request, Backup $backup)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'User     Id' => 'required|exists:users,User   Id',
            'BackupFile' => 'required|string|max:255',
        ]);
        $backup->update($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('backups.index')->with('success', 'Backup updated successfully.');
    }
    public function destroy(Backup $backup)
    {
        $backup->delete();
        return redirect()->route('backups.index')->with('success', 'Backup deleted successfully.');
    }
}

Final Steps

After implementing the controllers, you will need to create the corresponding views for each resource. The views should be placed in the resources/views directory, organized into folders for each model (e.g., users, roles, classes, etc.).

You will also need to define the routes for these controllers in your routes/web.php file:

use App\Http\Controllers\UserController;
use App\Http\Controllers\RoleController;
use App\Http\Controllers\ClassController;
use App\Http\Controllers\SessionController;
use App\Http\Controllers\AttendanceController;
use App\Http\Controllers\ReportController;
use App\Http\Controllers\NotificationController;
use App\Http\Controllers\FeedbackController;
use App\Http\Controllers\BackupController;
Route::resource('users', UserController::class);
Route::resource('roles', RoleController::class);
Route::resource('classes', ClassController::class);
Route::resource('sessions', SessionController::class);
Route::resource('attendances', AttendanceController::class);
Route::resource('reports', ReportController::class);
Route::resource('notifications', NotificationController::class);
Route::resource('feedbacks', FeedbackController::class);
Route::resource('backups', BackupController::class);

This setup will allow you to perform complete CRUD operations for each model in your Laravel application.

Creating view files for each controller using Bootstrap 5

Creating a set of Blade templates in Laravel involves creating a directory structure for your views. You can create folders for each resource in the resources/views directory:

Directory Structure

resources/views/
    ├── users/
    ├── roles/
    ├── classes/
    ├── sessions/
    ├── attendances/
    ├── reports/
    ├── notifications/
    ├── feedbacks/
    └── backups/

User Views

resources/views/users/index.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Users</h1>
    <a href="{{ route('users.create') }}" class="btn btn-primary mb-3">Create User</a>
    <table class="table">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>Username</th>
                <th>Email</th>
                <th>First Name</th>
                <th>Last Name</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            @foreach ($users as $user)
            <tr>
                <td>{{ $user->Username }}</td>
                <td>{{ $user->Email }}</td>
                <td>{{ $user->FirstName }}</td>
                <td>{{ $user->LastName }}</td>
                <td>
                    <a href="{{ route('users.edit', $user) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
                    <form action="{{ route('users.destroy', $user) }}" method="POST" style="display:inline;">
                        @csrf
                        @method('DELETE')
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                    </form>
                </td>
            </tr>
            @endforeach
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/users/create.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Create User</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('users.store') }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="Username" class="form-label">Username</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="Username" name="Username" required>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="PasswordHash" class="form-label">Password</label>
            <input type="password" class="form-control" id="PasswordHash" name="PasswordHash" required>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="Email" class="form-label">Email</label>
            <input type="email" class="form-control" id="Email" name="Email" required>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="FirstName" class="form-label">First Name</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="FirstName" name="FirstName" required>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="LastName" class="form-label">Last Name</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="LastName" name="LastName" required>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="RoleId" class="form-label">Role</label>
            <select class="form-select" id="RoleId" name="RoleId" required>
                @foreach ($roles as $role)
                <option value="{{ $role->RoleId }}">{{ $role->RoleName }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Create User</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/users/edit.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Edit User</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('users.update', $user) }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        @method('PUT')
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="Username" class="form-label">Username</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="Username" name="Username" value="{{ $user->Username }}" required>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for ="PasswordHash" class="form-label">Password</label>
            <input type="password" class="form-control" id="PasswordHash" name="PasswordHash" required>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="Email" class="form-label">Email</label>
            <input type="email" class="form-control" id="Email" name="Email" value="{{ $user->Email }}" required>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="FirstName" class="form-label">First Name</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="FirstName" name="FirstName" value="{{ $user->FirstName }}" required>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="LastName" class="form-label">Last Name</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="LastName" name="LastName" value="{{ $user->LastName }}" required>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="RoleId" class="form-label">Role</label>
            <select class="form-select" id="RoleId" name="RoleId" required>
                @foreach ($roles as $role)
                <option value="{{ $role->RoleId }}" {{ $role->RoleId == $user->RoleId ? 'selected' : '' }}>{{ $role->RoleName }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Update User</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/users/show.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>User Details</h1>
    <p><strong>Username:</strong> {{ $user->Username }}</p>
    <p><strong>Email:</strong> {{ $user->Email }}</p>
    <p><strong>First Name:</strong> {{ $user->FirstName }}</p>
    <p><strong>Last Name:</strong> {{ $user->LastName }}</p>
    <p><strong>Role:</strong> {{ $user->role->RoleName }}</p>
    <a href="{{ route('users.edit', $user) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
    <a href="{{ route('users.index') }}" class="btn btn-secondary">Back to Users</a>
</div>
@endsection

Role Views

resources/views/roles/index.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Roles</h1>
    <a href="{{ route('roles.create') }}" class="btn btn-primary mb-3">Create Role</a>
    <table class="table">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>Role Name</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            @foreach ($roles as $role)
            <tr>
                <td>{{ $role->RoleName }}</td>
                <td>
                    <a href="{{ route('roles.edit', $role) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
                    <form action="{{ route('roles.destroy', $role) }}" method="POST" style="display:inline;">
                        @csrf
                        @method('DELETE')
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                    </form>
                </td>
            </tr>
            @endforeach
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/roles/create.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Create Role</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('roles.store') }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="RoleName" class="form-label">Role Name</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="RoleName" name="RoleName" required>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Create Role</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/roles/edit.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Edit Role</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('roles.update', $role) }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        @method('PUT')
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="RoleName" class="form-label"> Role Name</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="RoleName" name="RoleName" value="{{ $role->RoleName }}" required>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Update Role</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/roles/show.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Role Details</h1>
    <p><strong>Role Name:</strong> {{ $role->RoleName }}</p>
    <a href="{{ route('roles.edit', $role) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
    <a href="{{ route('roles.index') }}" class="btn btn-secondary">Back to Roles</a>
</div>
@endsection

Class Views

resources/views/classes/index.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Classes</h1>
    <a href="{{ route('classes.create') }}" class="btn btn-primary mb-3">Create Class</a>
    <table class="table">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>Class Name</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            @foreach ($classes as $class)
            <tr>
                <td>{{ $class->ClassName }}</td>
                <td>
                    <a href="{{ route('classes.edit', $class) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
                    <form action="{{ route('classes.destroy', $class) }}" method="POST" style="display:inline;">
                        @csrf
                        @method('DELETE')
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                    </form>
                </td>
            </tr>
            @endforeach
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/classes/create.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Create Class</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('classes.store') }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="ClassName" class="form-label">Class Name</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="ClassName" name="ClassName" required>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Create Class</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/classes/edit.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Edit Class</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('classes.update', $class) }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        @method('PUT')
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="ClassName" class="form-label">Class Name</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="ClassName" name="ClassName" value="{{ $class->ClassName }}" required>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Update Class</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/classes/show.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Class Details</h1>
    <p><strong>Class Name:</strong> {{ $class->ClassName }}</p>
    <a href="{{ route('classes.edit', $class) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
    <a href="{{ route('classes.index') }}" class="btn btn-secondary">Back to Classes</a>
</div>
@endsection

Session Views

resources/views/sessions/index.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Sessions</h1>
    <a href="{{ route('sessions.create') }}" class="btn btn-primary mb-3">Create Session</a>
    <table class="table">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>Class</th>
                <th>Session Date</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            @foreach ($sessions as $session)
            <tr>
                <td>{{ $session->class->ClassName }}</td>
                <td>{{ $session->SessionDate }}</td>
                <td>
                    <a href="{{ route('sessions.edit', $session) }}" class="btn btn-warning"> Edit</a>
                    <form action="{{ route('sessions.destroy', $session) }}" method="POST" style="display:inline;">
                        @csrf
                        @method('DELETE')
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                    </form>
                </td>
            </tr>
            @endforeach
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/sessions/create.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Create Session</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('sessions.store') }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="ClassId" class="form-label">Class</label>
            <select class="form-select" id="ClassId" name="ClassId" required>
                @foreach ($classes as $class)
                <option value="{{ $class->ClassId }}">{{ $class->ClassName }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="SessionDate" class="form-label">Session Date</label>
            <input type="date" class="form-control" id="SessionDate" name="SessionDate" required>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Create Session</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/sessions/edit.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Edit Session</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('sessions.update', $session) }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        @method('PUT')
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="ClassId" class="form-label">Class</label>
            <select class="form-select" id="ClassId" name="ClassId" required>
                @foreach ($classes as $class)
                <option value="{{ $class->ClassId }}" {{ $class->ClassId == $session->ClassId ? 'selected' : '' }}>{{ $class->ClassName }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="SessionDate" class="form-label">Session Date</label>
            <input type="date" class="form-control" id="SessionDate" name="SessionDate" value="{{ $session->SessionDate }}" required>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Update Session</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/sessions/show.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Session Details</h1>
    <p><strong>Class:</strong> {{ $session->class->ClassName }}</p>
    <p><strong>Session Date:</strong> {{ $session->SessionDate }}</p>
    <a href="{{ route('sessions.edit', $session) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
    <a href="{{ route('sessions.index') }}" class="btn btn-secondary">Back to Sessions</a>
</div>
@endsection

Attendance Views

resources/views/attendances/index.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Attendances</h1>
    <a href="{{ route('attendances.create') }}" class="btn btn-primary mb-3">Create Attendance</a>
    <table class="table">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>User</th>
                <th>Session</th>
                <th>Status</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            @foreach ($attendances as $attendance)
            <tr>
                <td>{{ $attendance->user->Username }}</td>
                <td>{{ $attendance->session->SessionDate }}</td>
                <td>{{ $attendance->Status }}</td>
                <td>
                    <a href="{{ route('attendances.edit', $attendance) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
                    <form action="{{ route('attendances.destroy', $attendance) }}" method="POST" style="display:inline;">
                        @csrf
                        @method('DELETE')
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                    </form>
                </td>
            </tr>
            @endforeach
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/attendances/create.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Create Attendance</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('attendances.store') }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="User Id" class="form-label">User </label>
            <select class="form-select" id="User Id" name="User Id" required>
                @foreach ($users as $user)
                <option value="{{ $user->User Id }}">{{ $user->Username }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="SessionId" class="form-label">Session</label>
            <select class="form-select" id="SessionId" name="SessionId" required>
                @foreach ($sessions as $session)
                <option value="{{ $session->SessionId }}">{{ $session->SessionDate }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="Status" class="form-label">Status</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="Status" name="Status" required>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Create Attendance</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/attendances/edit.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Edit Attendance</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('attendances.update', $attendance) }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        @method('PUT')
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="User Id" class="form-label">User </label>
            <select class="form-select" id="User Id" name="User Id" required>
                @foreach ($users as $user)
                <option value="{{ $user->User Id }}" {{ $user->User Id == $attendance->User Id ? 'selected' : '' }}>{{ $user->Username }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="SessionId" class="form-label">Session</label>
            <select class="form-select" id="SessionId" name="SessionId" required>
                @foreach ($sessions as $session)
                <option value="{{ $session->SessionId }}" {{ $session->SessionId == $attendance->SessionId ? 'selected' : '' }}>{{ $session->SessionDate }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="Status" class="form-label">Status</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="Status" name="Status" value="{{ $attendance->Status }}" required>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Update Attendance</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/attendances/show.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Attendance Details</h1>
    <p><strong>User:</strong> {{ $attendance->user->Username }}</p>
    <p><strong>Session:</strong> {{ $attendance->session->SessionDate }}</p>
    <p><strong>Status:</strong> {{ $attendance->Status }}</p>
    <a href="{{ route('attendances.edit', $attendance) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
    <a href="{{ route('attendances.index') }}" class="btn btn-secondary">Back to Attendances</a>
</div>
@endsection

Report Views

resources/views/reports/index.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Reports</h1>
    <a href="{{ route('reports.create') }}" class="btn btn-primary mb-3">Create Report</a>
    <table class="table">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>User</th>
                <th>Report Date</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            @foreach ($reports as $report)
            <tr>
                <td>{{ $report->user->Username }}</td>
                <td>{{ $report->ReportDate }}</td>
                <td>
                    <a href="{{ route('reports.edit', $report) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
                    <form action="{{ route('reports.destroy', $report) }}" method="POST" style="display:inline;">
                        @csrf
                        @method('DELETE')
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                    </form>
                </td>
            </tr>
            @endforeach
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/reports/create.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Create Report</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('reports.store') }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="User  Id" class="form-label">User </label>
            <select class="form-select" id="User  Id" name="User  Id" required>
                @foreach ($users as $user)
                <option value="{{ $user->User  Id }}">{{ $user->Username }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="ReportDate" class="form-label">Report Date</label>
            <input type="date" class="form-control" id="ReportDate" name="ReportDate" required>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="ReportContent" class="form-label">Report Content</label>
            <textarea class="form-control" id="ReportContent" name="ReportContent"></textarea>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Create Report</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/reports/edit.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Edit Report</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('reports.update', $report) }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        @method('PUT')
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="User  Id" class="form-label">User </label>
            <select class="form-select" id="User  Id" name="User  Id" required>
                @foreach ($users as $user)
                <option value="{{ $user->User  Id }}" {{ $user->User  Id == $report->User  Id ? 'selected' : '' }}>{{ $user->Username }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="ReportDate" class="form-label">Report Date</label>
            <input type="date" class="form-control" id="ReportDate" name="ReportDate" value="{{ $report->ReportDate }}" required>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="ReportContent" class="form-label">Report Content</label>
            <textarea class="form-control" id="ReportContent" name="ReportContent">{{ $report->ReportContent }}</textarea>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Update Report</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/reports/show.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Report Details</h1>
    <p><strong>User:</strong> {{ $report->user->Username }}</p>
    <p><strong>Report Date:</strong> {{ $report->ReportDate }}</p>
    <p><strong>Content:</strong> {{ $report->ReportContent }}</p>
    <a href="{{ route('reports.edit', $report) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
    <a href="{{ route('reports.index') }}" class="btn btn-secondary">Back to Reports</a>
</div>
@endsection

Notification Views

resources/views/notifications/index.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Notifications</h1>
    <a href="{{ route('notifications.create') }}" class="btn btn-primary mb-3">Create Notification</a>
    <table class="table">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>User</th>
                <th>Message</th>
                <th>Is Read</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            @foreach ($notifications as $notification)
            <tr>
                <td>{{ $notification->user->Username }}</td>
                <td>{{ $notification->Message }}</td>
                <td>{{ $notification->IsRead ? 'Yes' : 'No' }}</td>
                <td>
                    <a href="{{ route('notifications.edit', $notification) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
                    <form action="{{ route('notifications.destroy', $notification) }}" method="POST" style="display:inline;">
                        @csrf
                        @method('DELETE')
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                    </form>
                </td>
            </tr>
            @endforeach
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/notifications/create.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Create Notification</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('notifications.store') }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="User  Id" class="form-label">User  </label>
            <select class="form-select" id="User  Id" name="User  Id" required>
                @foreach ($users as $user)
                <option value="{{ $user->User  Id }}">{{ $user->Username }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="Message" class="form-label">Message</label>
            <textarea class="form-control" id="Message" name="Message" required></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="IsRead" class="form-label">Is Read</label>
            <select class="form-select" id="IsRead" name="IsRead" required>
                <option value="1">Yes</option>
                <option value="0">No</option>
            </select>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Create Notification</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/notifications/edit.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Edit Notification</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('notifications.update', $notification) }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        @method('PUT')
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="User  Id" class="form-label">User  </label>
            <select class="form-select" id="User  Id" name="User  Id" required>
                @foreach ($users as $user)
                <option value="{{ $user->User  Id }}" {{ $user->User  Id == $notification->User  Id ? 'selected' : '' }}>{{ $user->Username }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="Message" class="form-label">Message</label>
            <textarea class="form-control" id="Message" name="Message" required>{{ $notification->Message }}</textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="IsRead" class="form-label">Is Read</label>
            <select class="form-select" id="IsRead" name="IsRead" required>
                <option value="1" {{ $notification->IsRead ? 'selected' : '' }}>Yes</option>
                <option value="0" {{ !$notification->IsRead ? 'selected' : '' }}>No</option>
            </select>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Update Notification</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/notifications/show.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Notification Details</h1>
    <p><strong>User:</strong> {{ $notification->user->Username }}</p>
    <p><strong>Message:</strong> {{ $notification->Message }}</p>
    <p><strong>Is Read:</strong> {{ $notification->IsRead ? 'Yes' : 'No' }}</p>
    <a href="{{ route('notifications.edit', $notification) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
    <a href="{{ route('notifications.index') }}" class="btn btn-secondary">Back to Notifications</a>
</div>
@endsection

Feedback Views

resources/views/feedbacks/index.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Feedbacks</h1>
    <a href="{{ route('feedbacks.create') }}" class="btn btn-primary mb-3">Create Feedback</a>
    <table class="table">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>User</th>
                <th>Feedback Content</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>        
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            @foreach ($feedbacks as $feedback)
            <tr>
                <td>{{ $feedback->user->Username }}</td>
                <td>{{ $feedback->FeedbackContent }}</td>
                <td>
                    <a href="{{ route('feedbacks.edit', $feedback) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
                    <form action="{{ route('feedbacks.destroy', $feedback) }}" method="POST" style="display:inline;">
                        @csrf
                        @method('DELETE')
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                    </form>
                </td>
            </tr>
            @endforeach
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/feedbacks/create.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Create Feedback</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('feedbacks.store') }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="User   Id" class="form-label">User  </label>
            <select class="form-select" id="User   Id" name="User   Id" required>
                @foreach ($users as $user)
                <option value="{{ $user->User   Id }}">{{ $user->Username }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="FeedbackContent" class="form-label">Feedback Content</label>
            <textarea class="form-control" id="FeedbackContent" name="FeedbackContent" required></textarea>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Create Feedback</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/feedbacks/edit.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Edit Feedback</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('feedbacks.update', $feedback) }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        @method('PUT')
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="User   Id" class="form-label">User  </label>
            <select class="form-select" id="User   Id" name="User   Id" required>
                @foreach ($users as $user)
                <option value="{{ $user->User   Id }}" {{ $user->User   Id == $feedback->User   Id ? 'selected' : '' }}>{{ $user->Username }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="FeedbackContent" class="form-label">Feedback Content</label>
            <textarea class="form-control" id="FeedbackContent" name="FeedbackContent" required>{{ $feedback->FeedbackContent }}</textarea>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Update Feedback</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/feedbacks/show.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Feedback Details</h1>
    <p><strong>User:</strong> {{ $feedback->user->Username }}</p>
    <p><strong>Content:</strong> {{ $feedback->FeedbackContent }}</p>
    <a href="{{ route('feedbacks.edit', $feedback) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
    <a href="{{ route('feedbacks.index') }}" class="btn btn-secondary">Back to Feedbacks</a>
</div>
@endsection

Backup Views

resources/views/backups/index.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Backups</h1>
    <a href="{{ route('backups.create') }}" class="btn btn-primary mb-3">Create Backup</a>
    <table class="table">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>User</th>
                <th>Backup File</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            @foreach ($backups as $backup)
            <tr>
                <td>{{ $backup->user->Username }}</td>
                <td>{{ $backup->BackupFile }}</td>
                <td>
                    <a href="{{ route('backups.edit', $backup) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
                    <form action="{{ route('backups.destroy', $backup) }}" method="POST" style="display:inline;">
                        @csrf
                        @method('DELETE')
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                    </form>
                </td>
            </tr>
            @endforeach
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/backups/create.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Create Backup</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('backups.store') }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="User    Id" class="form-label">User   </label>
            <select class="form-select" id="User    Id" name="User    Id" required>
                @foreach ($users as $user)
                <option value="{{ $user->User    Id }}">{{ $user->Username }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="BackupFile" class="form-label">Backup File</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="BackupFile" name="BackupFile" required>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Create Backup</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/backups/edit.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Edit Backup</h1>
    <form action="{{ route('backups.update', $backup) }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        @method('PUT')
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="User     Id" class="form-label">User    </label>
            <select class="form-select" id="User     Id" name="User     Id" required>
                @foreach ($users as $user)
                <option value="{{ $user->User     Id }}" {{ $user->User     Id == $backup->User     Id ? 'selected' : '' }}>{{ $user->Username }}</option>
                @endforeach
            </select>
        </div>
        <div class="mb-3">
            <label for="BackupFile" class="form-label">Backup File</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="BackupFile" name="BackupFile" value="{{ $backup->BackupFile }}" required>
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Update Backup</button>
    </form>
</div>
@endsection

resources/views/backups/show.blade.php

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Backup Details</h1>
    <p><strong>User:</strong> {{ $backup->user->Username }}</p>
    <p><strong>Backup File:</strong> {{ $backup->BackupFile }}</p>
    <a href="{{ route('backups.edit', $backup) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
    <a href="{{ route('backups.index') }}" class="btn btn-secondary">Back to Backups</a>
</div>
@endsection

Final Notes

Make sure to create a layout file at resources/views/layouts/app.blade.php that includes Bootstrap 5 CSS and JS files. This layout will be used by all the views to maintain a consistent look and feel across your application.

You can include Bootstrap via CDN in your layout file like this:

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <title>Laravel CRUD</title>
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="container">
            @yield('content')
        </div>
        <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    </body>
    </html>
    

This setup will provide a complete CRUD interface for all your models using Bootstrap 5.

To create a layout view file in Laravel that can be used across your application

You can create a Blade template that includes the necessary HTML structure, Bootstrap 5 CSS, and JavaScript. This layout will serve as a base for all your views, allowing you to maintain a consistent look and feel throughout your application.

Step 1: Create the Layout File

Create a new file named app.blade.php in the resources/views/layouts directory. If the layouts directory does not exist, you can create it.

resources/views/layouts/app.blade.php

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <title>@yield('title', 'Laravel CRUD Application')</title>
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ asset('css/app.css') }}"> <!-- Optional: Custom CSS -->
    </head>
    <body>
        <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
            <div class="container-fluid">
                <a class="navbar-brand" href="{{ url('/') }}">Laravel CRUD</a>
                <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbarNav" aria-controls="navbarNav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
                    <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
                </button>
                <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav">
                    <ul class="navbar-nav">
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="{{ route('users.index') }}">Users</a>
                        </li>
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="{{ route('roles.index') }}">Roles</a>
                        </li>
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="{{ route('classes.index') }}">Classes</a>
                        </li>
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="{{ route('sessions.index') }}">Sessions</a>
                        </li>
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="{{ route('attendances.index') }}">Attendances</a>
                        </li>
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="{{ route('reports.index') }}">Reports</a>
                        </li>
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="{{ route('notifications.index') }}">Notifications</a>
                        </li>
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="{{ route('feedbacks.index') }}">Feedbacks</a>
                        </li>
                        <li class="nav-item">
                            <a class="nav-link" href="{{ route('backups.index') }}">Backups</a>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
        </nav>
        <div class="container mt-4">
            @if (session('success'))
                <div class="alert alert-success">
                    {{ session('success') }}
                </div>
            @endif
            @if (session('error'))
                <div class="alert alert-danger">
                    {{ session('error') }}
                </div>
            @endif
            @yield('content')
        </div>
        <footer class="bg-light text-center text-lg-start mt-4">
            <div class="text-center p-3">
                © {{ date('Y') }} Laravel CRUD Application
            </div>
        </footer>
        <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    </body>
    </html>
    

Explanation of the Layout File

HTML Structure: The layout file includes the basic HTML structure with a <!DOCTYPE html> declaration, <html>, <head>, and <body> tags.

Bootstrap CSS: The Bootstrap 5 CSS is included via a CDN link in the <head> section.

Navigation Bar: A responsive navigation bar is created using Bootstrap classes. It includes links to different sections of your application (Users, Roles, Classes, etc.).

Session Messages: The layout checks for session messages (success or error) and displays them at the top of the content area.

Content Section: The @yield('content') directive is used to define a section where the content of individual views will be injected.

Footer: A simple footer is included at the bottom of the page.

Bootstrap JS: The Bootstrap 5 JavaScript bundle is included at the end of the body to ensure that the page loads quickly.

Step 2: Using the Layout in Views

Now that you have created the layout file, you can extend this layout in your individual view files. For example, in your users/index.blade.php file, you would do the following:

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('title', 'User  List')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Users</h1>
    <a href="{{ route('users.create') }}" class="btn btn-primary mb-3">Create User</a>
    <table class="table">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>Username</th>
                <th>Email</th>
                <th>First Name</th>
                <th>Last Name</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            @foreach ($users as $user)
            <tr>
                <td>{{ $user->Username }}</td>
                <td>{{ $user->Email }}</td>
                <td>{{ $user->FirstName }}</td>
                <td>{{ $user->LastName }}</td>
                <td>
                    <a href="{{ route('users.edit', $user) }}" class="btn btn-warning">Edit</a>
                    <form action="{{ route('users.destroy', $user) }}" method="POST" style="display:inline;">
                        @csrf
                        @method('DELETE')
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                    </form>
                </td>
            </tr>
            @endforeach
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
@endsection

To create a dashboard page in Laravel for displaying consolidated project data

You can follow these general steps:

Set Up Routes

Define a route in your web.php file that points to the dashboard controller method.

Create a Controller

Generate a controller that will handle the logic for fetching and consolidating project data from your models

Fetch Data

In the controller method, retrieve the necessary data from your database models and consolidate it as needed.

Create a View

Create a Blade view file for the dashboard where you will display the consolidated data. Use charts or tables to present the information clearly.

Integrate with Layout

Extend your layout file in the dashboard view to maintain a consistent look and feel.

Add Frontend Libraries

Optionally, you can use libraries like Chart.js or D3.js for visualizing data in your dashboard.

By following these steps, you can effectively create a functional dashboard in your Laravel application.

Step 1: Set Up Routes

In your routes/web.php, add a route for the dashboard:

Route::get('/dashboard', [DashboardController::class, 'index'])->name('dashboard');

Step 2: Create a Controller

Generate a controller using Artisan command:

php artisan make:controller DashboardController

Step 3: Fetch Data

In the DashboardController, fetch and consolidate the project data:

namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use App\Models\Project; // Assuming you have a Project model
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class DashboardController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        // Fetch consolidated data
        $totalProjects = Project::count();
        $completedProjects = Project::where('status', 'completed')->count();
        $ongoingProjects = Project::where('status', 'ongoing')->count();
        $pendingProjects = Project::where('status', 'pending')->count();
        return view('dashboard.index', compact('totalProjects', 'completedProjects', 'ongoingProjects', 'pendingProjects'));
    }
}

Step 4: Create a View

Create a Blade view file named index.blade.php in resources/views/dashboard:

@extends('layouts.app')
@section('title', 'Dashboard')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
    <h1>Dashboard</h1>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-3">
            <div class="card text-white bg-success mb-3">
                <div class="card-header">Total Projects</div>
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h5 class="card-title">{{ $totalProjects }}</h5>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-md-3">
            <div class="card text-white bg-primary mb-3">
                <div class="card-header">Completed Projects</div>
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h5 class="card-title">{{ $completedProjects }}</h5>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-md-3">
            <div class="card text-white bg-warning mb-3">
                <div class="card-header">Ongoing Projects</div>
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h5 class="card-title">{{ $ongoingProjects }}</h5>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-md-3">
            <div class="card text-white bg-danger mb-3">
                <div class="card-header">Pending Projects</div>
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h5 class="card-title">{{ $pendingProjects }}</h5>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
@endsection

Step 5: Integrate with Layout

The above view extends the layout you created earlier, ensuring a consistent look and feel across your application.

Step 6: Add Frontend Libraries (Optional)

If you want to visualize the data, consider integrating libraries like Chart.js. You can include the library in your layout file and create charts in your dashboard view.